Penguins (order Sphenisciformes, family Spheniscidae) are a group of aquatic, flightless birds
living almost exclusively in the Southern Hemisphere.
Penguins seem to have no special fear of humans and have approached groups of explorers without hesitation.
This is probably on account of there being no land predators in Antarctica or the nearby offshore islands that
prey on or attack penguins. Instead, penguins are at risk at sea from predators such as the leopard seal.
Typically, penguins do not approach closer than about 3 meters (9 ft); they become nervous at about that
distance. This is also the distance that Antarctic tourists are told to keep from penguins (tourists are not
supposed to approach closer than 3 meters, but are not expected to withdraw if the penguins come closer).
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